ADHD & ADD Protocols.
Neurofeedback for ADHD is one of the most rigorously studied biofeedback applications, focusing primarily on altering the ratio of slow-wave (Theta) to fast-wave (Beta) activity in the frontal cortex, or regulating Slow Cortical Potentials (SCPs).
Theta/Beta Ratio (TBR) Protocol
Target Metrics
- Inhibit: Theta (4-8 Hz) at Cz or Fz
- Reward: Sensorimotor Rhythm (SMR, 12-15 Hz) or Beta (15-18 Hz)
- Inhibit: High Beta (20-30 Hz) to prevent muscle artifact/anxiety
The classic Monastra/Lubar protocol targets the elevated Theta and reduced Beta commonly seen in the QEEGs of individuals with ADHD. Training typically requires 30-40 sessions.
Slow Cortical Potential (SCP) Protocol
Developed extensively in Europe (e.g., Strehl, Birbaumer), SCP training focuses on the regulation of cortical excitability. Patients learn to generate electronegative shifts (associated with attention/activation) and electropositive shifts (associated with relaxation).
Required Equipment Standards
To effectively run these protocols, practitioners need hardware capable of:
- Minimum 256 Hz sampling rate (1024+ preferred for SCP).
- DC coupling or very long time constants (for SCP training).
- Impedance monitoring < 5 kOhms.